IGCSE生物，看看Topic1都学些什么内容？

知识点时间：2019-06-11 09:51

　　这可能是IGCSE中最简单的科目之一，通过定期复习和练习历年PASSPAPER，可以很轻松地搞定这一学科。教学大纲涵盖了种类分类、动物生理学、植物生理学和遗传学等广泛的主题，使其更加多样化和令人兴奋！从学生的书中学习规范，一个A*很容易哦！

　　考试本身分为p1和p2。两者都涵盖相同的主题集，但问题模式往往不同。对于生物学来说，p1的实验性更强，而p2的实验性更强，理论性更强。

　　某些问题会不时重复，建议记住标记方案点，以避免不必要的标记丢失。

IGCSE

IGCSE

　　长话短说，生物学很有趣，只要一点诚意和练习就可以掌握。

　　SubjectInformation

　　以下为Topic1的要点，供各位即将步入IGCSE生物学习的同学们参考:

　　Topic1–Keyconceptsinbiology(Topic1contentiscommontoallthebiologypapers)

　　(Topic1–Overarchingconceptsinbiology)

　　(Edexcel9-1GCSEBiology1,Paper1,Topic1"Keyconceptsinbiology")

　　Youshouldbeableto....

　　1.1Beabletoexplainhowthesub-cellularstructuresofeukaryoticandprokaryoticcellsarerelatedtotheirfunctions,including:

　　(a)animalcells-nucleus,cellmembrane,mitochondriaandribosomes

　　(b)plantcells-nucleus,cellmembrane,cellwall,chloroplasts,mitochondria,vacuoleandribosomes

　　(c)bacteria-chromosomalDNA,plasmidDNA,cellmembrane,ribosomesandflagella.

　　Introductiontoplantandanimalcellstructureandfunctiongcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　1.2Beabletodescribehowspecialisedcellsareadaptedtotheirfunction,including:

　　(a)spermcells–acrosome,haploidnucleus,mitochondriaandtail

　　(b)eggcells–nutrientsinthecytoplasm,haploidnucleusandchangesinthecellmembraneafterfertilisation

　　(c)ciliatedepithelialcells

　　Introductiontocellspecialisationgcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　1.3Beabletoexplainhowchangesinmicroscopetechnology,includingelectronmicroscopy,haveenabledustoseecellstructureswithmoreclarityanddetailthaninthepastandincreasedourunderstandingoftheroleofsub-cellularstructures.

　　Microscopy-thedevelopmentanduseofmicroscopesinbiologygcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　1.4Beabletodemonstrateanunderstandingofnumber,sizeandscale,includingtheuseofestimationsandexplainwhentheyshouldbeused

　　1.5Beabletodemonstrateanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenquantitativeunitsinrelationtocells,including:

　　milli(10-3),micro(10-6),nano(10-9),pico(10-12)

　　(HTonly)Docalculationswithnumberswritteninstandardform

　　1.6CorePractical:Youshouldhaveinvestigatedbiologicalspecimensusingmicroscopes,includingmagnificationcalculationsandlabelledscientificdrawingsfromobservations.

　　Microscopy-thedevelopmentanduseofmicroscopesinbiologygcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　1.7Beabletoexplainthemechanismofenzymeactionincludingtheactivesiteandenzymespecificity

　　1.8Beabletoexplainhowenzymescanbedenaturedduetochangesintheshapeoftheactivesite

　　1.9Beabletoexplaintheeffectsoftemperature,substrateconcentrationandpHonenzymeactivity.

　　1.10CorePractical:YoushouldhaveinvestigatedtheeffectofpHonenzymeactivity.

　　1.11Beabletodemonstrateanunderstandingofratecalculationsforenzymeactivity

　　1.12Beabletoexplaintheimportanceofenzymesasbiologicalcatalystsinthesynthesisofcarbohydrates,proteinsandlipidsandtheirbreakdownintosugars,aminoacidsandfattyacidsandglycerol

　　ENZYMES-structure,function,optimumconditions,investigationexperimentsgcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　SeealsoEnzymesandBiotechnology(gcsechemistrynotes)

　　1.13BInvestigatingtheuseofchemicalreagentstoidentifystarch,reducingsugars,proteinsandfats

　　1.14BBeabletoexplainhowtheenergycontainedinfoodcanbemeasuredusingcalorimetry

　　1.15Beabletoexplainhowsubstancesaretransportedbydiffusion,osmosisandactivetransport

　　Diffusion,osmosisandactivetransportgcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　1.16Corepractical:Youshouldhaveinvestigatedosmosisinpotatoes

　　1.17Beabletocalculatepercentagegainandlossofmassinosmosis

　　Diffusion,osmosisandactivetransportgcsebiologyrevisionnotes

　　Practicalsyoumayhaveencounteredandshouldrevisetoo:

　　Investigatingtheeffectofdifferentconcentrationsofdigestiveenzymes,usingandevaluatingmodelsofthealimentarycanal.

　　Investigatingtheeffectoftemperaturesandconcentrationonenzymeactivity.