南京大屠杀纪念日,国外历史书是如何记载的?

留学资讯       时间:2021-12-14 10:23      

 

12月13日南京大屠杀纪念日, 国外历史书是如何记载的?


  2014年的2月份,在全国十二届大常委会的第7次会议中决定将每年的12月13日定为南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日。今天10:01,南京全城响起警报为大屠杀时遭遇迫害的同胞们默哀。今年是第8个南京大屠杀公祭日,也是纪念南京大屠杀84周年。


  1945年日本投降之后,由于大多数关于屠杀的日本军事记录都是保密的,或者是在被接管之前就销毁了,所以历史学家准确估计大屠杀的死亡人数就非常的困难。学者们对于死亡人数的争论,是中日关系的一个非常大的障碍。在日本的学术界有对遇难人数的估计从2万至20万不等,甚至有一些日本的民族主义者声称这场屠杀是捏造的。这引起了全球华人的反感,南京大屠杀成为影响中日关系的最重要的历史问题之一。


  但是除了极少数人坚持否认南京大屠杀的存在,在国外的高中教材中,例如AP ( history modern) 和A-level history 中对这个事件都有着肯定和正确的描述:



  A-level


  Nanjing Massacre, conventional Nanking Massacre, also called Rape of Nanjing, (December 1937–January 1938), mass killing and ravaging of Chinese citizens and capitulated soldiers by soldiers of the Japanese Imperial Army after its seizure of Nanjing, China, on December 13, 1937, during the Sino-Japanese War that preceded World War II. The number of Chinese killed in the massacre has been subject to much debate, with most estimates ranging from 100,000 to more than 300,000.

- A level history对此事件的描述


  在英国的A-Level教科书中对于南京大屠杀有正面的记述。虽然在死亡的人数是从10万到30万之间并不确定,但是对于其侵略和屠杀的性质并不采取任何怀疑的态度。



  AP


  The rape of Nanking is still a widely debated event, but it has been accepted almost worldwide as a crime against humanity. During WWII Japan expanded into China and when the Japanese took Nanking terrible events occurred. Rape, theft, destruction, and murder were all too common during the Japanese occupation of the city. It is estimated that nearly 300,000 people were killed, and the Japanese military made no distinctions between the Chinese military and civilians.

-AP History modern的描述


  在美国的AP历史题目当中,也对此事件有描述,并且认定死亡人数接近30万。在这里用了 “it has been accepted almost worldwide as a crime against humanity”。这里的almost 似乎有一种对那些否定这一历史事件的一小撮学者的孤立和鄙视。


  在铁一般的事实面前,南京大屠杀的史实是不容置疑。某些政客和学者无视历史事实真相,欺骗世界舆论和愚弄日本人民,是无法经得住历史的考验的。


  A加未来国际教育作为国际课程和留学教育辅导中心A-levelIGCSEIBAPTOELFIELTSGREPTE等),是中国学生通往海外顶尖名校的桥梁。详情可以扫描下方图片上的二维码咨询。


 

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